Pkgsrc - Revision history

Furey: /* patch-ac (system.h) */ delinkify more source files where the link gives wrong version. Send DragonFly to wikipedia (it's a bsd flavor).

2024-06-16T22:25:07Z

‎patch-ac (system.h): delinkify more source files where the link gives wrong version. Send DragonFly to wikipedia (it's a bsd flavor).

Furey: /* Patches */ delinkify nethack source file names because the versions that pkgsrc has in 2006Q4 are not the same version name that these files refer to in our wiki.

2024-06-16T22:20:24Z

‎Patches: delinkify nethack source file names because the versions that pkgsrc has in 2006Q4 are not the same version name that these files refer to in our wiki.

Furey: /* Introduction */ Send some software development references to wikipedia. Fixes redlinks.

2024-06-16T22:17:01Z

‎Introduction: Send some software development references to wikipedia. Fixes redlinks.

Furey: mislink: win option -> windowtype option.

2024-06-16T22:14:32Z

mislink: win option -> windowtype option.

Kernigh: I write of patch-ac, system.h, srandom and the trouble over DragonFly, NetBSD and Mac OS X, and how pkgsrc fixes it by stuffing in DragonFly and the others.

2006-12-05T02:03:12Z

I write of patch-ac, system.h, srandom and the trouble over DragonFly, NetBSD and Mac OS X, and how pkgsrc fixes it by stuffing in __DragonFly__ and the others.

Kernigh: /* Patches */ Describe all eight patches.

2006-12-04T02:02:50Z

‎Patches: Describe all eight patches.

Kernigh: This stub concerns pkgsrc, NetHack, and patching.

2006-12-03T01:58:27Z

This stub concerns pkgsrc, NetHack, and patching.

New page

<div class="floatleft">__TOC__</div>
This page is about how '''pkgsrc''', the [[NetBSD]] Packages Collection, compiles and installs [[NetHack]] onto several [[Unix]]-like operating systems, by patching NetHack to be more Unix-portable. {{clear}}

: ''Important: The information on this wiki page so far is the result of a study of the pkgsrc documentation and CVS repository, with no actual experience using pkgsrc. Thus this page more probably contains errors.''

== Introduction ==
The main way to install a third-party package onto [[NetBSD]] is to use pkgsrc like this:

# cd /usr/pkgsrc/games/nethack
# make install

First, this installs any necessary dependent packages. Then, this downloads the source code of the package, extracts it, patches it, configures it, builds (compiles) it, and installs it. Many [[BSD]] users know this, but pkgsrc is a fork of the [[FreeBSD]] Ports Collection, where this "cd /there && make install" idea started.

[http://www.netbsd.org/Documentation/pkgsrc/introduction.html#why-pkgsrc ''"If it works, it should work everywhere."''] Thus, unlike the FreeBSD Ports Collection, pkgsrc works above multiple Unix-like operating systems, the systems most compatible with NetBSD.

An interesting study is to examine the patches that pkgsrc provides, to check if [[Unix]] software required portability fixes.

== NetHack ==
Currently pkgsrc can install [[NetHack 3.4.3]] above [[Unix]]. This uses five packages, because pkgsrc does not support something like [[OpenBSD]]'s flavors or [[Gentoo]]'s USE flags. The [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack/ nethack] package simply depends on the [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-qt/ nethack-qt], [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-tty/ nethack-tty], [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-x11/ nethack-x11] packages, so installing "nethack" gives you all three user interfaces. The three packages simply call a make target in the [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/ nethack-lib] package which actually handles the NetHack sources. The end result is up to three executables sharing one playground; this differs from the typical setup of having one executable and setting the [[win]] option in NETHACKOPTIONS or a [[nethackrc]].

Thus the nethack-lib package is responsible for patching the sources as well as installing the playground.

=== Patches ===
These are the patches. (The following list is from HEAD on 2 December 2006, what will become pkgsrc 2006Q4. Compared to 2006Q3, it contains a build fix for [[Linux]].)

* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-aa?rev=1.9&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-aa]
* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ab?rev=1.11&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ab]
* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ac?rev=1.9&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup opatch-ac]
* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ad?rev=1.5&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ad]
* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ae?rev=1.4&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ae]
* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-af?rev=1.6&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-af]
* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ag?rev=1.2&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ag]

{{stub|Explain what the patches had to fix.}}

[[Category:Development]]

@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
 The purpose of NetHack 3.4.3's system.h file is to implement the various settings from config.h and (above Unix) also unixconf.h. Generally, one edits or patches config.h and unixconf.h, not system.h.
-What motivates pkgsrc to patch system.h is that system.h really does a poor job on Unix. It makes many outdated assumptions and fails to handle the existence of the newer Unix clones. One change demonstrates a problem in NetHack, for pkgsrc changes [[system.h#line82]] from
+What motivates pkgsrc to patch system.h is that system.h really does a poor job on Unix. It makes many outdated assumptions and fails to handle the existence of the newer Unix clones. One change demonstrates a problem in NetHack, for pkgsrc changes system.h line 82 from
   if (!defined(SUNOS4) && !defined(bsdi) && !defined(__FreeBSD__)) || defined(RANDOM)
@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 {{man|srandom}}
-The problem is the "srandom" declaration at [[system.h#line83]]. The declaration causes a compiler error above [[DragonFly]], [[NetBSD]] and Apple [[Mac OS X]]. ''Vanilla NetHack 3.4.3 does not build on DragonFly, NetBSD nor Mac OS X.'' The error is that <tt>/usr/include/stdlib.h</tt> declares "srandom" to take an unsigned long, but NetHack declares it to take an unsigned int; the two prototypes come to conflict.
+The problem is the "srandom" declaration at system.h line 83. The declaration causes a compiler error above [[wikipedia:DragonFly BSD|DragonFly]], [[NetBSD]] and Apple [[Mac OS X]]. ''Vanilla NetHack 3.4.3 does not build on DragonFly, NetBSD nor Mac OS X.'' The error is that <tt>/usr/include/stdlib.h</tt> declares "srandom" to take an unsigned long, but NetHack declares it to take an unsigned int; the two prototypes come to conflict.
 pkgsrc does the minimum to port NetHack to DragonFly, NetBSD and Mac OS X. (It would be more correct if Unix NetHack never declared system functions, but relied all upon header files.)
 [[Category:Development]]

@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 There are eight patches, one per file, because pkgsrc does not here use "diff -r". (The following list is from HEAD on 2 December 2006, what will become pkgsrc 2006Q4. Compared to 2006Q3, it contains a build fix for [[Linux]].)
-* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-aa?rev=1.9&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-aa] to [[config.h]]; makes the common configuration changes of enabling vision tables and using gzip.
+* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-aa?rev=1.9&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-aa] to config.h; makes the common configuration changes of enabling vision tables and using gzip.
 * [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ab?rev=1.11&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ab] to Makefile.top; mostly tweaks to permissions and the installed file hierarchy, and new targets 'binfiles' and 'datastuff' to separate nethack-lib from interface packages.
-* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ac?rev=1.9&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ac] to [[system.h]]; several portability fixes discussed below.
+* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ac?rev=1.9&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ac] to system.h; several portability fixes discussed below.
 * [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ad?rev=1.5&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ad] to nethack.sh; changes to support the five-package system.
 * [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ae?rev=1.4&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ae] to Makefile.doc; a simple change to install the nethack(6) manual page in the same prefix as everything else.
-* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-af?rev=1.6&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-af] to [[unixconf.h]]; define SYSV or BSD, disable TERMINFO, change a default mail setting above NetBSD.
+* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-af?rev=1.6&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-af] to unixconf.h; define SYSV or BSD, disable TERMINFO, change a default mail setting above NetBSD.
-* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ag?rev=1.2&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ag] to [[mail.c]]; change default mail settings above NetBSD.
+* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ag?rev=1.2&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ag] to mail.c; change default mail settings above NetBSD.
 Some of the patches add seemingly-useless words like <tt>XXXPREFIXXXX</tt> or <tt>__NETHACK_OS__</tt> or <tt>@GZIP_PROGRAM@</tt>. In a post-patch phase, pkgsrc uses "sed" to replace these with the correct values. (The code is in [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/Makefile.common?rev=1.22 Makefile.common].) Currently, <tt>__NETHACK_OS__</tt> becomes <tt>SYSV</tt> if the system is [[Linux]], and <tt>BSD</tt> above all other systems; <tt>LINUX</tt> is never set.

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 == Introduction ==
-pkgsrc has its origins as a fork of the [[FreeBSD]] Ports Collection. It consists of [[Makefile]]s interpreted by the NetBSD "[[make]]" command. These Makefiles use dependencies so that packages build in the correct order. Thus when you do this:
+pkgsrc has its origins as a fork of the [[FreeBSD]] Ports Collection. It consists of [[wikipedia:Makefile|Makefile]]s interpreted by the NetBSD [[wikipedia:make (software)|make]] command. These Makefiles use dependencies so that packages build in the correct order. Thus when you do this:
   # cd /usr/pkgsrc/games/nethack

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 The nethack-{qt,tty,x11,lib} packages all interact with the NetHack sources, but by invoking different targets in NetHack's top Makefile. Thus it is well possible for a user with nethack-qt to install nethack-tty without uninstalling anything or rebuilding everything; this is an advantage over flavors or USE flags.
-The result is up to three executables sharing one playground; this differs from the typical setup of having one executable and setting the [[win]] option in NETHACKOPTIONS or a [[nethackrc]].
+The result is up to three executables sharing one playground; this differs from the typical setup of having one executable and setting the [[windowtype]] option in NETHACKOPTIONS or a [[nethackrc]].
 === Patches ===

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 == Introduction ==
-The main way to install a third-party package onto [[NetBSD]] is to use pkgsrc like this:
+pkgsrc has its origins as a fork of the [[FreeBSD]] Ports Collection. It consists of [[Makefile]]s interpreted by the NetBSD "[[make]]" command. These Makefiles use dependencies so that packages build in the correct order. Thus when you do this:
   # cd /usr/pkgsrc/games/nethack
   # make install
-First, this installs any necessary dependent packages. Then, this downloads the source code of the package, extracts it, patches it, configures it, builds (compiles) it, and installs it. Many [[BSD]] users know this, but pkgsrc is a fork of the [[FreeBSD]] Ports Collection, where this "cd /there && make install" idea started.
+First, this installs any dependent packages, such as [[X11]] or [[Qt]], if they are missing. Then it runs [http://www.netbsd.org/Documentation/pkgsrc/build.html several phases] to download, patch, build and install the package. The pkgsrc Makefiles call the package's Makefiles to do the actual build and install.
 An interesting study is to examine the patches that pkgsrc provides, to check if [[Unix]] software required portability fixes.
 == NetHack ==
-Currently pkgsrc can install [[NetHack 3.4.3]] above [[Unix]]. This uses five packages, because pkgsrc does not support something like [[OpenBSD]]'s flavors or [[Gentoo]]'s USE flags. The [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack/ nethack] package simply depends on the [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-qt/ nethack-qt], [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-tty/ nethack-tty], [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-x11/ nethack-x11] packages, so installing "nethack" gives you all three user interfaces. The three packages simply call a make target in the [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/ nethack-lib] package which actually handles the NetHack sources. The end result is up to three executables sharing one playground; this differs from the typical setup of having one executable and setting the [[win]] option in NETHACKOPTIONS or a [[nethackrc]].
+Currently pkgsrc can install [[NetHack 3.4.3]] above [[Unix]]. This uses five packages, because pkgsrc does not support something like [[OpenBSD]]'s flavors or [[Gentoo]]'s USE flags.
-Thus the nethack-lib package is responsible for patching the sources as well as installing the playground.
+The result is up to three executables sharing one playground; this differs from the typical setup of having one executable and setting the [[win]] option in NETHACKOPTIONS or a [[nethackrc]].
 === Patches ===
-These are the patches. (The following list is from HEAD on 2 December 2006, what will become pkgsrc 2006Q4. Compared to 2006Q3, it contains a build fix for [[Linux]].)
+The patches live in /usr/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches, and there are eight patches. These patches are small portability fixes or tweaks to interface with pkgsrc. These patches are not like those from the [[NetHack Patch Database]] that add new features to the game.
-These are small portability fixes or tweaks to interface with pkgsrc. They do not add new features to the game, as most patches from the [[NetHack Patch Database]] would do. There are eight patches because pkgsrc employs one patch per file, not "diff -r" patches.
+There are eight patches, one per file, because pkgsrc does not here use "diff -r". (The following list is from HEAD on 2 December 2006, what will become pkgsrc 2006Q4. Compared to 2006Q3, it contains a build fix for [[Linux]].)
 * [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-aa?rev=1.9&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-aa] to [[config.h]]; makes the common configuration changes of enabling vision tables and using gzip.
@@ Line 31: / Line 33: @@
 * [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ad?rev=1.5&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ad] to nethack.sh; changes to support the five-package system.
 * [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ae?rev=1.4&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ae] to Makefile.doc; a simple change to install the nethack(6) manual page in the same prefix as everything else.
-* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-af?rev=1.6&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-af] to [[unixconf.h]]; some improvements to portablity across Unix flavors; strangely, this disables ''all'' of the usual OS-specific defines.
+* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-af?rev=1.6&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-af] to [[unixconf.h]]; define SYSV or BSD, disable TERMINFO, change a default mail setting above NetBSD.
-* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ag?rev=1.2&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ag] to [[mail.c]]; change a default for NetBSD systems.
+* [http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/games/nethack-lib/patches/patch-ag?rev=1.2&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup patch-ag] to [[mail.c]]; change default mail settings above NetBSD.
-{{stub|Insert portability fixes here.}}
+pkgsrc does the minimum to port NetHack to DragonFly, NetBSD and Mac OS X. (It would be more correct if Unix NetHack never declared system functions, but relied all upon header files.)
 [[Category:Development]]