Sunsword - Revision history

Umbire the Phantom: pothole

2026-05-20T18:35:28Z

pothole

Umbire the Phantom: /* Messages */ tweaks

2025-12-15T04:17:59Z

‎Messages: tweaks

Umbire the Phantom: copyedit pass

2025-12-15T04:17:31Z

copyedit pass

Umbire the Phantom: same as the rest, update the cites later

2025-04-09T11:34:31Z

same as the rest, update the cites later

Umbire the Phantom: some copyedit

2025-02-22T10:23:29Z

some copyedit

Phol ende wodan: /* Description */ one small strange difference between Sunsword and camera flash

2024-12-23T23:12:05Z

‎Description: one small strange difference between Sunsword and camera flash

Phol ende wodan: /* Description */ 3.7: invoke sunsword for blinding beam

2024-12-23T23:01:16Z

‎Description: 3.7: invoke sunsword for blinding beam

Umbire the Phantom: /* dNetHack / dnh

2024-09-15T13:13:31Z

‎dNetHack: *dnh

Umbire the Phantom: word choice

2024-04-01T15:03:12Z

word choice

Umbire the Phantom: follow-up, thanks hackem

2024-02-17T04:41:44Z

follow-up, thanks hackem

@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 [[Angelic being]]s that are randomly generated will always be [[generated with]] an [[erosion]]-proofed long sword that will always be made into an artifact if the monster is [[Lord (monster attribute)|a lord to their kind]] (i.e. an [[Archon]]) and otherwise has a {{frac|20}} chance, and there is a further {{frac|2}} chance of being made into specifically Sunsword if that artifact does not already exist (and will otherwise be made into [[Demonbane]]).{{refsrc|src/makemon.c|334|nethack=3.6.7|comment=long swords are always made into artifacts for angelic being lords}}
-{{upcoming|NetHack 3.7.0|The starting inventory for angelic beings is adjusted via {{commit|c4a1f298e8923dfc0543f51d4794bc0286d42138}} and {{commit|1d0b8dfca0ec388d095f3f3eea4d57aa0cd75aa9}} so that angelic beings have a {{frac|2|3}} chance of generating with a long sword which can be turned into Sunsword with the same odds as above, and those maces will have an [[enchantment]] ranging from +0 to +3. This adjustment is done to accommodate [[Demonbane]]'s base item changes, first to a [[mace]] via {{commit|b1a5a9c3903a0282f82787d20fd70f13196e2465}}, then to a [[Silver mace (3.7.0)|silver mace]] via {{commit|67d58202ad84dd04ccfd6079fc2665e87ef80fc3}}.
+{{upcoming|NetHack 3.7.0|The starting inventory for angelic beings is adjusted via {{commit|c4a1f298e8923dfc0543f51d4794bc0286d42138}} and {{commit|1d0b8dfca0ec388d095f3f3eea4d57aa0cd75aa9}} so that angelic beings have a {{frac|2|3}} chance of generating with a long sword which can be turned into Sunsword with the same odds as above, and those maces will have an [[enchantment]] ranging from +0 to +3. This adjustment is done to accommodate [[Demonbane]]'s base item changes, first to a [[mace]] via {{commit|b1a5a9c3903a0282f82787d20fd70f13196e2465}}, then to a [[silver mace]] via {{commit|67d58202ad84dd04ccfd6079fc2665e87ef80fc3}}.
 Per {{commit|d87cadaf}} and {{commit|c2c797fa357bef663fa3d962850196350a9cdb3b}}, artifact balance is substantially reworked: artifacts have 2 additional internal stats&mdash;the minimum [[sacrifice]] value required to obtain them by sacrificing (which is usually just the [[Monster difficulty|difficulty rating]] of the monster sacrificed), and a flat number added to the weapon's [[enchantment]] when it is either randomly generated or gifted.

@@ Line 55: / Line 55: @@
 {{message|Sunsword stops shining.|You unwielded Sunsword.}}
 {{message|Sunsword shines [brighter/less brightly].|The beatitude status of Sunsword changed while it was wielded.}}
-{{message|Light begins shining <nearby/in the distance>.|A monster wielded Sunsword and its light shone within your range of vision, with the range determining which phrase is used.}}
+{{message|Light begins shining [nearby|in the distance].|A monster wielded Sunsword and its light shone within your range of vision, with the range determining which phrase is used.}}
 {{message|Suddenly, the only light left comes from Sunsword!|You were wielding Sunsword while either reading a [[scroll of light]] that was cursed, or reading any scroll of light while confused.}}

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
    |material=iron
 }}
 '''Sunsword''' is an [[artifact]] that appears in ''[[NetHack]]''. It is [[lawful]], and its [[base item]] is a [[long sword]].
@@ Line 19: / Line 18: @@
 A long sword randomly generated on the ground or as a [[death drop]] has a base {{frac|20}} chance of being made into an artifact, which has a {{frac|6}} chance of being made into Sunsword, assuming no artifact long swords have been generated. Lawful [[heroes]] may be given Sunsword as a [[sacrifice gift]].
-[[Angelic being]]s that can wield [[weapon]]s, i.e. the [[Aleax]] and [[Angel]], [[Monster starting inventory|always generate with]] an [[erodeproof]] [[long sword]] that has a {{frac|20}} chance of being made into an artifact, which will be either Sunsword or [[Demonbane]] (assuming neither artifact has been generated), while angelic beings that are [[Lord (monster attribute)|lords]] to their kind, i.e. [[Archon]]s, will always have their sword made into either artifact if possible.{{refsrc|src/makemon.c|329|nethack=3.6.7}}{{refsrc|src/makemon.c|332|nethack=3.6.7}}
+[[Angelic being]]s that are randomly generated will always be [[generated with]] an [[erosion]]-proofed long sword that will always be made into an artifact if the monster is [[Lord (monster attribute)|a lord to their kind]] (i.e. an [[Archon]]) and otherwise has a {{frac|20}} chance, and there is a further {{frac|2}} chance of being made into specifically Sunsword if that artifact does not already exist (and will otherwise be made into [[Demonbane]]).{{refsrc|src/makemon.c|334|nethack=3.6.7|comment=long swords are always made into artifacts for angelic being lords}}
-{{upcoming|NetHack 3.7.0|Per {{commit|b1a5a9c3903a0282f82787d20fd70f13196e2465}}, [[Demonbane]]'s base item is a changed to a [[mace]], so any long sword made into an artifact has a {{frac|5}} chance of being made into Sunsword, and angelic beings can no longer generate with Demonbane.
+{{upcoming|NetHack 3.7.0|The starting inventory for angelic beings is adjusted via {{commit|c4a1f298e8923dfc0543f51d4794bc0286d42138}} and {{commit|1d0b8dfca0ec388d095f3f3eea4d57aa0cd75aa9}} so that angelic beings have a {{frac|2|3}} chance of generating with a long sword which can be turned into Sunsword with the same odds as above, and those maces will have an [[enchantment]] ranging from +0 to +3. This adjustment is done to accommodate [[Demonbane]]'s base item changes, first to a [[mace]] via {{commit|b1a5a9c3903a0282f82787d20fd70f13196e2465}}, then to a [[Silver mace (3.7.0)|silver mace]] via {{commit|67d58202ad84dd04ccfd6079fc2665e87ef80fc3}}.
 Per {{commit|d87cadaf}} and {{commit|c2c797fa357bef663fa3d962850196350a9cdb3b}}, artifact balance is substantially reworked: artifacts have 2 additional internal stats&mdash;the minimum [[sacrifice]] value required to obtain them by sacrificing (which is usually just the [[Monster difficulty|difficulty rating]] of the monster sacrificed), and a flat number added to the weapon's [[enchantment]] when it is either randomly generated or gifted.
@@ Line 28: / Line 27: @@
 ==Description==
-While [[wielded]], Sunsword [[Light source|emits light]] within a radius centered on the wield, and its range is dependent on its [[beatitude]]:{{refsrc|src/light.c|676|version=NetHack 3.6.1}} 3 if blessed, 2 if uncursed, and 1 if cursed. As a weapon, Sunsword has +1d5 [[to-hit]] and does [[double damage]] against [[undead]], prevents [[blindness]] from lights, and repels [[gremlin]]s while dealing +1d8 damage when hitting them{{refsrc|src/weapon.c|328|nethack=3.6.2}}
+While [[wielded]], Sunsword protects the wielder from light-based [[blinding]] and acts as a [[light source]] that emits light within a radius centered on the wielder, with its range dependent on the artifact's [[beatitude]]:{{refsrc|src/light.c|750|nethakc=3.6.7}} 3 squares if blessed, 2 squares if uncursed, and 1 square if cursed.
-{{upcoming|NetHack 3.7.0|Sunsword can be [[invoked]] to create a blinding beam similar to that of an [[expensive camera]]&mdash;if the beam is shot up or down, this will permanently light up the area around the square the hero is standing on.}}
+{|
 ==Strategy==
 Sunsword's use as a light source is generally considered as important as its damage bonus, though it is a viable choice in the absence of a better artifact weapon. Sunsword does hit a far wider range of monsters than most [[Bane]]-style artifacts: [[Lich (monster class)|liches]], [[shade]]s and [[Vampire (monster class)|vampires]] are among the strongest (and most relevant) targets, and become much more common when passing through the [[Valley of the Dead]] and into [[Gehennom]]. [[Priests]] face many undead on [[Priest quest|their quest]], making the double damage especially useful for them in theory.
-However, since obtaining it as a sacrifice gift unrestricts the long sword skill, [[Excalibur]] becomes available and will almost always supersede Sunsword as the primary weapon. Heroes attempting [[genocideless]] [[conduct]] may still find Sunsword especially useful against liches.
+However, since obtaining it as a sacrifice gift unrestricts the long sword [[skill]], [[Excalibur]] becomes available and will almost always supersede Sunsword as the primary weapon. Heroes attempting [[genocideless]] [[conduct]] may still find Sunsword especially useful against liches.
 ==History==
@@ Line 55: / Line 60: @@
 ==Variants==
 ===NetHack: The Next Generation===
-In [[NetHack: The Next Generation]], [[Sunsword]] can be requested from [[Duri]] at [[The Forge]] for 7000[[zm]].
+In [[NetHack: The Next Generation]], Sunsword can be requested from [[Duri]] at [[The Forge]] for 7000[[zm]].
 ===SLASH'EM===
-In [[SLASH'EM]], Sunsword is easier to obtain, as lawful characters can also receive {{mcsl|A}} [[minion]]s as [[sacrifice gift]]s that are likely to be generated carrying it. Minion gifts are not affected by previous gifts as with artifacts - once a minion with Sunsword generates, it can be easily disarmed with a [[bullwhip]].
+In [[SLASH'EM]], Sunsword is easier to obtain, since lawful heroes can receive [[minion]]s that are likely to be generated carrying the artifact as [[sacrifice gift]]s. The odds of an angelic being minion being gifted and an artifact being created in their inventory are not affected by previous artifact gifts&mdash;once a minion with Sunsword generates, it can be easily disarmed with a [[bullwhip]].
-Furthermore, Sunsword has a much wider use case due to the addition of far more dangerous undead, such as the spellcasting [[Vampire mage (SLASH'EM)|vampire mages]] and [[ghoul mage]]s, the fast and hard-hitting [[Gug (SLASH'EM)|gugs]], and the regenerating and [[reviving]] [[troll mummies]]. Sunsword competes for its niche with the [[Holy Spear of Light]], an artifact [[silver spear]] that also acts as a light source. The Holy Spear has a smaller bonus against undead, but its silver material grants bonus damage against [[major demon]]s, and it can be [[invoked]] to permanently illuminate an area around the player and damage undead caught in the light burst&mdash;it is also always permanently lit, while Sunsword must be wielded to light up.
+Furthermore, Sunsword has a much wider use case due to the addition of far more dangerous undead, such as the spellcasting [[Vampire mage (SLASH'EM)|vampire mages]] and [[ghoul mage]]s, the fast and hard-hitting [[Gug (SLASH'EM)|gugs]], and the [[Regeneration (property)|regenerating]] and [[reviving]] [[troll mummies]]. Sunsword competes for its niche with the [[Holy Spear of Light]], an artifact [[silver spear]] that also acts as a light source: The Holy Spear has a smaller bonus against undead, but its silver material grants bonus damage against [[major demon]]s, and rather than being wielded as a light source, it can be [[invoked]] to permanently illuminate a portion of the level and damage undead caught in the light burst.
-SLASH'EM also makes it possible to [[twoweapon]] artifacts, though Sunsword will only provide light if wielded in the primary hand.
+SLASH'EM also makes it possible for the hero to [[twoweapon]] artifacts, so Sunsword is a good candidate for either weapon, though it will only provide light if wielded in the primary hand.
 ===dNetHack===
-In [[dNetHack]], [[notdNetHack]] and [[notnotdNetHack]], Sunsword is a [[silver]]ed long sword made of [[gold]]. The artifact uses (and trains) the higher of the two between your [[short sword]] and long sword skills, which makes it effective even for roles that are restricted in long swords.
+In [[dNetHack]], [[notdNetHack]] and [[notnotdNetHack]], Sunsword is a [[silver]]ed long sword made of [[Gold (material)|gold]] that uses (and trains) the higher of the two between the hero's [[short sword]] and long sword skills, which makes it effective even for roles that are restricted in long swords.
-Sunsword has +1 to-hit and deals double damage against demons as well as undead, and confers [[automatic searching]] and [[blindness resistance]] while wielded on top of acting as a light source. Sunsword ignores the target monster's equipped armor when calculating accuracy and [[DR]], and deals full damage to insubstantial monsters such as shade and [[Sharab Kamerel]] - it also has a chance of [[stoning]] [[Troll (monster class)|trolls]] and instakilling [[gremlin]]s on hit.
+Sunsword has +1 to-hit and double damage against demons as well as undead, and grants [[automatic searching]] and [[blindness resistance]] while wielded on top of acting as a light source. Attacks with Sunsword ignore the target's equipped armor when calculating accuracy and [[DR]], and deal full damage to insubstantial monsters such as shades and [[Sharab Kamerel]]&mdash;they also have a chance of [[stoning]] [[Troll (monster class)|trolls]] and instantly killing gremlins.
 ===FIQHack===
-In [[FIQHack]], Sunsword blocks blindness, much like [[The Eyes of the Overworld]]. Its double damage is replaced by a +1d20 damage bonus.
+In [[FIQHack]], Sunsword blocks blindness much like [[The Eyes of the Overworld]], and has a +1d20 damage bonus against undead instead of a double damage bonus.
 ===SpliceHack===
-In [[SpliceHack]], Sunsword is made of crystal [[gemstone]], and its base item is chosen at random from one-handed swords, including the long sword.
+In [[SpliceHack]], Sunsword is made of crystal [[gemstone]], and its base item is chosen at random from all one-handed sword weapons, including the long sword.
 ===EvilHack===
-In [[EvilHack]], Sunsword is made of crystal, and has a chance of completely destroying any undead that it hits. Additionally, killing [[Zombie (EvilHack)|zombies]] while wielding Sunsword causes their [[corpse]]s to evaporate, preventing their revival.
+In [[EvilHack]], Sunsword is made of crystal gemstone and [[Warned of monster type|warns of undead monsters]], and any undead monsters that see it will become hostile. [[Draugr (starting race)|Draugr]] and [[Vampire (starting race in EvilHack)|vampire]] heroes cannot wield Sunsword, and it will [[Artifact blast|blast them]] and evade their grasp. Sunsword has a chance of completely destroying any undead that it hits (including an undead hero), and killing [[Zombie (EvilHack)|zombies]] while wielding Sunsword causes their [[corpse]]s to evaporate, preventing their revival.
 Sunsword can be combined with Demonbane at a [[Forge (dungeon feature)|forge]] to create the [[Hammer of the Gods]], an artifact silver [[heavy war hammer]] that retains Sunsword's bonuses and warning versus undead along with its ability to emit light while wielded.
@@ Line 89: / Line 94: @@
 ==References==
 <references/>
-{{nethack-366}}
+{{nethack-367}}
 [[Category:Artifact weapons]]

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
    |bonusversus=[[undead]]
    |affiliation=<ul><li>[[lawful]]</li></ul>
-   |whenwielded=<ul><li>[[light]] source</li><li>prevents light-<br>based [[blindness|blinding]]</li></ul>
+   |whenwielded=<ul><li>[[light]] source</li><li>blocks light-based [[blindness]]</li></ul>
    |cost=1500
    |weight=40
@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 }}
-'''Sunsword''' is an [[artifact weapon]] that appears in ''[[NetHack]]''. It is [[lawful]], and its [[base item]] is a [[long sword]].
+'''Sunsword''' is an [[artifact]] that appears in ''[[NetHack]]''. It is [[lawful]], and its [[base item]] is a [[long sword]].
 ==Generation==
-Sunsword can be received as a [[sacrifice gift]] by lawful characters. [[Angel]]s and [[Aleax]]es have a 5% chance of their [[Monster starting inventory|normal starting]] [[erodeproof]] [[long sword]] being Sunsword; [[Archons]] generated normally have a 50% chance of generating with either Sunsword or [[Demonbane]], with a rustproof long sword replacing either [[artifact]] if it was already generated.
+A long sword randomly generated on the ground or as a [[death drop]] has a base {{frac|20}} chance of being made into an artifact, which has a {{frac|6}} chance of being made into Sunsword, assuming no artifact long swords have been generated. Lawful [[heroes]] may be given Sunsword as a [[sacrifice gift]].
 ==Description==
-Sunsword has +1d5 [[to-hit]] and does [[double damage]] against [[undead]], and prevents [[blindness|blinding]] from lights while wielded. It also acts as a [[light]] source when wielded, with a radius centered around the wielder based on its [[beatitude]]: 3 if blessed, 2 if uncursed, and 1 if cursed. It will unlight when unwielded.{{refsrc|src/light.c|676|version=NetHack 3.6.1}} The light from Sunsword repels [[gremlin]]s and adds +1d8 damage when hitting them with Sunsword.{{refsrc|src/weapon.c|328|nethack=3.6.2}}
+While [[wielded]], Sunsword [[Light source|emits light]] within a radius centered on the wield, and its range is dependent on its [[beatitude]]:{{refsrc|src/light.c|676|version=NetHack 3.6.1}} 3 if blessed, 2 if uncursed, and 1 if cursed. As a weapon, Sunsword has +1d5 [[to-hit]] and does [[double damage]] against [[undead]], prevents [[blindness]] from lights, and repels [[gremlin]]s while dealing +1d8 damage when hitting them{{refsrc|src/weapon.c|328|nethack=3.6.2}}
-{{upcoming|NetHack 3.7.0|Sunsword can be [[invoke]]d to create a blinding beam similar to that of an [[expensive camera]]. One difference is if the beam is shot up or down; this will permanently light up the square you are standing on.}}
+{{upcoming|NetHack 3.7.0|Sunsword can be [[invoked]] to create a blinding beam similar to that of an [[expensive camera]]&mdash;if the beam is shot up or down, this will permanently light up the area around the square the hero is standing on.}}
 ==Strategy==
-Sunsword's use as a light source is generally considered more important than its damage bonus, though it is a viable choice in the absence of a better artifact weapon. Sunsword does hit a far wider range of monsters than most [[Bane]]-style artifacts - [[lich]]es and the later [[Vampire (monster class)|vampires]] are among the strongest (and most relevant) targets, and become much more common when passing through the [[Valley of the Dead]] and into [[Gehennom]]. [[Priests]] face many undead on [[Priest quest|their quest]], making the double damage especially useful for them in theory.
+Sunsword's use as a light source is generally considered as important as its damage bonus, though it is a viable choice in the absence of a better artifact weapon. Sunsword does hit a far wider range of monsters than most [[Bane]]-style artifacts: [[Lich (monster class)|liches]], [[shade]]s and [[Vampire (monster class)|vampires]] are among the strongest (and most relevant) targets, and become much more common when passing through the [[Valley of the Dead]] and into [[Gehennom]]. [[Priests]] face many undead on [[Priest quest|their quest]], making the double damage especially useful for them in theory.
-However, since obtaining it as a sacrifice gift unrestricts the long sword skill, [[Excalibur]] becomes available and will almost always supercede Sunsword as the primary weapon. Players attempting the [[genocide]]-less [[conduct]] may still find Sunsword especially useful against liches.
+However, since obtaining it as a sacrifice gift unrestricts the long sword skill, [[Excalibur]] becomes available and will almost always supersede Sunsword as the primary weapon. Heroes attempting [[genocideless]] [[conduct]] may still find Sunsword especially useful against liches.
 ===As a light source===
@@ Line 34: / Line 42: @@
 ==History==
-Sunsword first appears in [[NetHack 3.0.0]].
+Sunsword first appears in [[NetHack 3.0.0]]. From this version to [[NetHack 3.4.3]], including some variants based on these versions, the light range does not depend on beatitude and always has a radius of 2; a [[magic lamp]] is often preferred as a light source in these versions. Sunsword is also ineffective against shades, who are undead but heavily resist damage from non-silver weapons.
-In [[NetHack 3.6.0]], the effects of beatitude on the light radius is introduced, and Sunsword was adjusted so that its bonus damage against undead overrode shades' resistance to non-silver damage. The light's additional effects on gremlins were added in [[NetHack 3.6.2]].
+In [[NetHack 3.6.0]], the effects of beatitude on the light radius is introduced, and Sunsword is adjusted so that its bonus damage against undead overrides shades' resistance to non-silver damage. The light's additional effects on gremlins are added in [[NetHack 3.6.2]].
 ==Messages==
@@ Line 70: / Line 76: @@
 ===EvilHack===
-In [[EvilHack]], Sunsword is also made of crystal, and has a chance of completely destroying any undead that it hits. Additionally, killing [[Zombie (EvilHack)|zombies]] while wielding Sunsword causes their [[corpse]]s to evaporate, preventing their revival.
+In [[EvilHack]], Sunsword is made of crystal, and has a chance of completely destroying any undead that it hits. Additionally, killing [[Zombie (EvilHack)|zombies]] while wielding Sunsword causes their [[corpse]]s to evaporate, preventing their revival.
-Sunsword can be [[Forge (dungeon feature)|forged]] together with [[Demonbane]] to create the [[Hammer of the Gods]], an artifact silver [[heavy war hammer]] that retains Sunsword's bonuses and warning versus undead and its ability to emit light while wielded.
+Sunsword can be combined with Demonbane at a [[Forge (dungeon feature)|forge]] to create the [[Hammer of the Gods]], an artifact silver [[heavy war hammer]] that retains Sunsword's bonuses and warning versus undead along with its ability to emit light while wielded.
 ===SlashTHEM===

@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 ===SLASH'EM===
-In [[SLASH'EM]], Sunsword is easier to obtain, lawful characters can also receive {{mcsl|A}} [[minion]]s as [[sacrifice gift]]s that are likely to be generated carrying it. Minion gifts are not affected by previous gifts as with artifacts - once a minion with Sunsword generates, it can be easily disarmed with a [[bullwhip]].
+In [[SLASH'EM]], Sunsword is easier to obtain, as lawful characters can also receive {{mcsl|A}} [[minion]]s as [[sacrifice gift]]s that are likely to be generated carrying it. Minion gifts are not affected by previous gifts as with artifacts - once a minion with Sunsword generates, it can be easily disarmed with a [[bullwhip]].
-Furthermore, Sunsword has a much wider use case due to the addition of far more dangerous undead, such as spellcasting [[Vampire mage (SLASH'EM)|vampire mages]] and [[ghoul mage]]s, fast and hard-hitting [[gug]]s, and regenerating [[troll mummies]]. Sunsword competes for its niche with the [[Holy Spear of Light]], an artifact [[silver spear]] that also acts as a light source. The Holy Spear has a smaller bonus against undead, but its silver material grants bonus damage against [[major demon]]s, and it can be [[invoked]] to permanently illuminate an area around the player and damage undead caught in the light burst - it is also always permanently lit, while Sunsword must be wielded to light up.
+Furthermore, Sunsword has a much wider use case due to the addition of far more dangerous undead, such as the spellcasting [[Vampire mage (SLASH'EM)|vampire mages]] and [[ghoul mage]]s, the fast and hard-hitting [[Gug (SLASH'EM)|gugs]], and the regenerating and [[reviving]] [[troll mummies]]. Sunsword competes for its niche with the [[Holy Spear of Light]], an artifact [[silver spear]] that also acts as a light source. The Holy Spear has a smaller bonus against undead, but its silver material grants bonus damage against [[major demon]]s, and it can be [[invoked]] to permanently illuminate an area around the player and damage undead caught in the light burst&mdash;it is also always permanently lit, while Sunsword must be wielded to light up.
 SLASH'EM also makes it possible to [[twoweapon]] artifacts, though Sunsword will only provide light if wielded in the primary hand.