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投石器（sling）是NetHack中的一种武器。它是一种用于发射岩石、宝石和灰色的石头的发射器。投石器可以多重射击。
Contents
生成
投石器在随机生成武器中占比4%。
穴居人在游戏开始时会获得一副+2投石器，以及一堆岩石和一堆打火石作为弹药[1]。
投石器技能
| 投石器 | |
|---|---|
| 最大等级 | 角色 |
| 基础 | |
| 熟练 | |
| 老练 | |
投石器是唯一使用投石器技能的发射器。以下发射物也使用投石器技能：
- 宝石
- 灰色的石头
- 岩石
游戏中没有神器类投石器。阿里曼之心属于神器类幸运石，投掷时效果比普通幸运石更好。
策略
锻炼投石器技能一般属于浪费技能点的做法。不过，玩家在游戏早期可能需要投石器作为远程攻击手段——投石器弹药非常容易找到，虽然弹药损毁的概率比较大（非打火石的灰色石头除外）。投石器对应的发射物都是不能附魔的，但祝福这些发射物就可以降低损毁的概率（降低程度和幸运值有关）——但即使如此，进入游戏中期后投石器仍然没什么实用性。
由于可造成1d6（均值3.5）的伤害，打火石是投石器最好的弹药，但打火石在不依赖骨档时并不常见，因此很难享受多重射击加成；岩石相比之下伤害低一些，但可以在各种地方轻易地找到。无价值的玻璃和岩石的伤害相同，但重量仅1 aum，比10 aum的岩石轻得多。
穴居人可以在游戏前期避免使用自己的打火石攻击，直到将幸运值提升到最大并祝福这些打火石，这样就可以在余下的游戏流程使用它们。游侠可以在游戏早期对一些较弱的怪使用投石器攻击来节省自己的箭或弩箭，直到他们能够附魔自己的箭以及提升自己的幸运值为止。但这些手段应用面其实很窄——穴居人用链棒就可以轻松解决远程攻击的问题，游侠有更好的远程武器选择，一般水平的玩家都会选择更好的远程武器来降低死亡概率。
历史
投石器自Jay Fenlason's Hack的衍生版本Hack 1.21开始就存在于游戏中。在Jay Fenlason's Hack和Andries Brouwer的Hack 1.0的初版中，投石器对应的弹药是弹弓子弹[3]——在Hack 1.21中还没有岩石，而Hack 1.0中岩石只是种物品。在NetHack 3.0.0，弹弓子弹正式从游戏中移除，岩石成为了投石器的标准弹药。NetHack 3.2.0中，打火石被加入游戏，且岩石与打火石和宝石一同被并入“宝石/石头”物品类别。
起源
投石器在现实中自新石器时代开始就被广泛使用，一般用于打猎或战斗。它的制造成本很低，且易于制作，因此在牧羊人、猎手和其他“平民”之中都很常见。因此，人造的弹弓子弹和用于投石器的岩石常常在考古探索中被丢弃，完整的投石器很难找到。玩弹弓是巴里亚利群岛人的传统活动之一，他们在古典时期就是身经百战的佣兵。
巴里亚利群岛和其他一些地区仍将弹弓射击作为一种体育运动。投石器也常常用作野外生存时的临时制作武器，用于投掷易燃物（例如燃烧瓶和手榴弹），或用于其他业余爱好。技艺高超的投石手可以将石头向上以400千米/小时的速度掷出450米的距离。[4]
投石器在《龙与地下城》（D&D）的各种版本都作为神职人员（对应NetHack的牧师）的一种常见武器出现（神职人员不能使用锐器造成伤害，所以只能用投石器）。对应的弹药弹弓子弹能造成1d4基础伤害[5]。《D&D》还有一项规则，规定石头的伤害骰子点数要小1点，即只有1d3伤害——这也许是NetHack中石头伤害更低的原因。投石器在第三版的《Rogue》中也有出现，对应的用作弹药的岩石伤害与《D&D》相同[6]。在其他游戏中，投石器的实用性各有不同，不过都倾向于比NetHack的更实用一点。
Variants
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Some variants aim to make slings more viable as a weapon.
SporkHack
In SporkHack, the base item of Giantslayer is changed to a sling that has +1d5 to-hit as before, deals +1d8 against giant humanoids and warns of them while wielded, and sets the wielder's strength to 18/** even if it occupies the alternate weapon slot.
UnNetHack
In UnNetHack, Giantslayer's base item is also changed to a sling. It has +1d5 to-hit, deals double damage against giants, and while wielded it warns of giants and sets the wielder's strength to 18/** - as in SporkHack, this can happen even if the artifact is in the alternate weapon slot.
dNetHack
In dNetHack and notdNetHack, slings gain a strength-based bonus damage (with a maximum of +8 from 25 strength), and Cavemen gain a +1 bonus to multishot when using them.
Enki is a spirit that grants skill in slings while bound. Shiro has a passive power that pelts a target with a volley of rocks using the sling skill for damage.
The silver slingstone is introduced as ammo that can be used against silver-hating monsters, and can be found is small deposits within rock or in large amounts on a certain level in the Neutral Quest. Silver slingstones fired at 25 strength from a sling out-damage even +7 silver arrows - this has earned dNetHack's slings the nickname of "portable meteor launchers".
DynaHack
In DynaHack, slings gain a damage bonus based on enchantment and the character's strength, making them much more viable as a ranged weapon.
EvilHack
EvilHack reintroduces sling bullets in version 0.7.1. Cavepeople of all types start with sling bullets.
Giant characters take extra damage from sling-fired projectiles.
The presence of sling bullets and the ability to forge them makes slings quite viable for other characters: Priests in particular are restricted from using any edged or piercing weapons, leaving slings as one of their few ranged options.
Hobbits have the same chance of generated with a sling as in NetHack, as do hobbit pickpockets, and both monsters generate with either sling bullets (1⁄3 chance) or flint stones (2⁄3 chance) as ammo. Player monster cavepeople will always generate with slings, along with flint stones and sling bullets to use as ammo.
SlashTHEM
SlashTHEM adds David's Sling, an artifact sling that has +5 to-hit and double damage, grants half physical damage while wielded, and instakills any giant humanoid hit by projectiles fired from it.
Hobbit characters can always reach at least Skilled in slings.
Hack'EM
Hack'EM adds David's Sling from SlashTHEM and significantly changes its properties: the sling grants +6 damage to projectiles that it fires, deals double damage against giants, and confers warning of giants in addition to half physical damage while wielded.
百科文本
And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and
drew nigh to meet David, that David hasted, and ran toward
the army to meet the Philistine.
And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone,
and slang it, and smote the Philistine in his forehead, that
the stone sunk into his forehead; and he fell upon his face
to the earth.
So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with
a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there
was no sword in the hand of David.
引用及注释
- ↑ src/u_init.c in NetHack 3.6.7, line 53
- ↑ src/makemon.c in NetHack 3.6.7, line 360
- ↑ Hack 1.0.2 partl (objects.h, line 620), Andries Brouwer @ cwi.nl
- ↑ http://www.slinging.org/
- ↑ http://www.dandwiki.com/wiki/SRD:Sling
- ↑ http://rogue.rogueforge.net/vade-mecum/
