Experience level

Your experience level in NetHack is a measure of the overall power of your hero and progress of your adventure. You start at level 1, and can level up to 30 at the highest. As you gain experience, you become better at both fighting and magic, but more difficult monsters are generated.

Experience points (XP) are the units that you accumulate to increase your level. Depending on the showexp option, you may see a display of your XP or only see your current experience level.

Effects

Gaining an experience level has a number of effects on gameplay:

Benefits

• Your maximum hit points and their recovery increase.
• Your maximum energy and its recovery increase.
• You gain an additional skill slot.
• Your chance of hitting in combat increases.
• Your chance of successfully learning spells from uncursed spellbooks increases.
• At levels divisible by three, your spellcasting success rate increases.
• The chance of your spells overcoming monster magic resistance increases.
• The spell of magic missile deals more damage.
• The spell of protection grants more AC at level powers of 2.
• You are more likely to convert an altar.
• A spellbook granted as a favor is more likely to be a useful one.
• You are more likely to successfully play certain musical instruments, and the range of some of their effects increases.
• You are more likely to find a container trap when searching for it.
• A Rogue deals more backstab damage.
• At specific levels, the range of the turn undead command increases, and the duration of the helplessness it causes decreases.
• High-level polyself forms last longer.
• Nurses are more likely to raise your maximum hit points.
• The average enchantment of generated items determined by rne very slightly increases.

Drawbacks

• More difficult monsters are able to be generated, and they can be generated at higher monster levels.
• Monster groups are larger.
• Protection and other favors from an aligned priest become more expensive.
• The summon nasties monster spell can summon more monsters.
• A squeaky board can awaken monsters from further away.

Thresholds

• Certain roles gain intrinsics at specific levels. Wizards, for example, get their only two intrinsics (warning and teleport control) quite late compared to other classes (level 15 and Level 17 respectively).
• You must at be least level 3 to receive a sacrifice gift.
• An elf gains sleep resistance at level 4.
• Lawful characters must be at least level 5 to dip for Excalibur.
• Wizards must be level 8 to invoke teleportitis at will, while other characters must be level 12.
• Monsters become more proactive about fleeing or healing themselves at levels 10 and 14.
• You must be level 14 to get permission to begin the Quest from your Quest leader.
• A Tourist at level 15 is no longer automatically considered a sucker by shopkeepers.
• The turn undead command may pacify or destroy certain classes of undead at specific level thresholds. At level 16, it may also turn demons.

Gaining levels

There are several ways to gain an experience level, ranging from obvious to somewhat obscure:

• Experience points (mostly from killing monsters)
• Quaffing a blessed or uncursed potion of gain level
• Eating a wraith corpse
• Chance from incubus or succubus encounter
• Chance when polymorphing into your own race
• Chance of regaining a lost level when praying successfully at a coaligned altar
• Regaining a lost level when quaffing a blessed potion of full healing. Up to half of your lost levels can be regained this way.
• Regaining a lost level when quaffing a blessed or uncursed potion of restore ability. All of your lost levels can be regained this way; all at once if the potion is blessed.

You may never gain more than one experience level at a time; killing a water demon at XP1:0 will only put you on 2:39, not 4:148 as might be expected. (You can, however, gain multiple experience levels in a single turn, as for example when a beginner character manages to destroy many creatures at once with an exploding gas spore. Also, you can regain all lost levels at once when quaffing a blessed potion of restored ability.)

If you are already at level 30, experience points will not raise your level. Except for polymorph, effects which instantly increase your level can still increase maximum HP and energy at level 30.

Losing levels

The following effects can decrease your experience level:

• Level drain attacks
  • Monster attacks—vampire bite, wraith touch, or Demogorgon sting
  • Getting hit by the Staff of Aesculapius or Stormbringer
  • Casting the drain life spell on yourself.
• Chance from foocubus encounter
• Chance when receiving a god's anger from incorrect prayer or sacrifice
• Chance when polymorphing into your own race

Drain resistance protects against all these except polymorph. In addition, magic cancellation protects against level drain from monster attacks.

Having a level drained puts you a single experience point below the threshold of the level you just lost. If you gain any experience at all, you will regain a lost level, but only one level can be restored in this way. A blessed potion of restore ability will immediately restore all lost levels to your former maximum, while uncursed potions of restore ability and blessed potions of full healing will restore one level at a time. However, full healing will only restore half of the levels that were lost (rounded up).

When losing a level, your HP and maximum HP are both decreased by the amount they had increased when you last gained the lost level, to a minimum of one. Energy and maximum energy work similarly, down to a minimum of zero. Being drained below experience level one is deadly, although an amulet of life saving can rescue you, leaving you at level one with no experience.

Deliberate level drain

You may sometimes want to deliberately drain levels for several reasons:

• Donation rewards from aligned priests are cheaper at lower levels. By draining to level 1, you may be able to cheaply buy many points of protection and enough turns of intrinsic clairvoyance to last the rest of the game.
• If you have increased your constitution or wisdom since you gained your present levels, you may drain and regain your levels to increase your maximum HP and Pw.
• If you have spent skill points enhancing a skill that you no longer find useful, you may drain levels to lose skill points until the skill is un-enhanced, then regain levels and reallocate the skill points to a more useful skill.
• Lower-difficulty monsters will be generated when your level is lower.

Be careful that you do not accidentally drain below level 1 or get killed by unexpected combat while you have low HP, no skill points, and a lower to-hit. You may want to wear an amulet of life saving as insurance.

You will probably want to regain all your lost levels with a blessed potion of restore ability after the purpose of the deliberate level drain is fulfilled.

In versions prior to NetHack 3.6.0, a bug called "drain for gain" existed. This bug allowed players to gain an arbitrary amount of maximum HP and Pw by repeatedly lowering their stats, draining levels, regaining stats, and regaining levels, since HP and Pw loss during level drain was based on current stats. Since NetHack 3.6.0, the HP and Pw gain are remembered when gaining a level, and the remembered amount is subtracted when draining, so this exploit no longer works: you can now only gain a finite amount of HP and Pw through drain and regain.

Experience points required per level

Several variants alter the experience requirements to reach each level; these are included in the tables below. (xNetHack and SpliceHack-Rewrite use the FIQHack column.)

Total

Level	NetHack	SLASH'EM	dNetHack	FIQHack	SLEX	EvilHack
1	0	0	0	0	0	0
2	20	40	20	20	20	20
3	40	80	50	40	40	40
4	80	160	100	80	80	80
5	160	320	200	160	160	160
6	320	640	400	320	320	320
7	640	1,280	800	640	640	640
8	1,280	2,560	1,600	1,280	1,280	1,280
9	2,560	5,120	3,200	2,560	2,560	2,560
10	5,120	10,000	6,400	5,120	5,120	5,120
11	10,000	20,000	10,400	10,000	10,000	10,000
12	20,000	40,000	15,600	15,000	20,000	20,000
13	40,000	80,000	22,800	21,000	40,000	40,000
14	80,000	150,000	32,500	28,000	80,000	80,000
15	160,000	250,000	45,200	36,000	130,000	160,000
16	320,000	300,000	61,900	45,000	200,000	320,000
17	640,000	350,000	83,100	55,000	280,000	640,000
18	1,280,000	400,000	109,300	66,000	380,000	960,000
19	2,560,000	450,000	141,000	81,000	500,000	1,280,000
20	5,120,000	500,000	178,700	100,000	650,000	1,600,000
21	10,000,000	550,000	223,000	142,000	850,000	1,920,000
22	20,000,000	600,000	274,500	188,000	1,100,000	2,240,000
23	30,000,000	650,000	333,800	238,000	1,400,000	2,560,000
24	40,000,000	700,000	401,500	292,000	1,800,000	2,880,000
25	50,000,000	750,000	478,200	350,000	2,300,000	3,200,000
26	60,000,000	800,000	563,900	412,000	3,000,000	3,520,000
27	70,000,000	850,000	659,600	478,000	3,800,000	3,840,000
28	80,000,000	900,000	766,300	548,000	4,800,000	4,160,000
29	90,000,000	950,000	885,000	622,000	6,000,000	4,480,000
30	100,000,000	1,000,000	1,000,000	700,000	8,000,000	4,800,000

Per level

Level	NetHack	SLASH'EM	dNetHack	FIQHack	SLEX	EvilHack
1	0	0	0	0	0	0
2	20	40	20	20	20	20
3	20	40	30	20	20	20
4	40	80	50	40	40	40
5	80	160	100	80	80	80
6	160	320	200	160	160	160
7	320	640	400	320	320	320
8	640	1,280	800	640	640	640
9	1,280	2,560	1,600	1,280	1,280	1,280
10	2,560	4,880	3,200	2,560	2,560	2,560
11	4,880	10,000	3,600	4,880	4,880	4,880
12	10,000	20,000	4,000	5,000	10,000	10,000
13	20,000	40,000	5,000	6,000	20,000	20,000
14	40,000	70,000	6,000	7,000	40,000	40,000
15	80,000	100,000	7,000	8,000	50,000	80,000
16	160,000	50,000	9,000	9,000	70,000	160,000
17	320,000	50,000	11,000	10,000	80,000	320,000
18	640,000	50,000	13,000	11,000	100,000	320,000
19	1,280,000	50,000	15,000	15,000	120,000	320,000
20	2,560,000	50,000	17,000	19,000	150,000	320,000
21	4,880,000	50,000	20,000	42,000	200,000	320,000
22	10,000,000	50,000	23,000	46,000	250,000	320,000
23	10,000,000	50,000	26,000	50,000	300,000	320,000
24	10,000,000	50,000	29,000	54,000	400,000	320,000
25	10,000,000	50,000	32,000	58,000	500,000	320,000
26	10,000,000	50,000	36,000	62,000	700,000	320,000
27	10,000,000	50,000	40,000	66,000	800,000	320,000
28	10,000,000	50,000	44,000	70,000	1,000,000	320,000
29	10,000,000	50,000	48,000	74,000	1,200,000	320,000
30	10,000,000	50,000	55,000	78,000	2,000,000	320,000

The following graphs show the amount of XP required for each level in vanilla, SLASH'EM, dNetHack, EvilHack, and FIQHack (xNetHack and SpliceHack-Rewrite use the same graph).

Messages

Welcome to experience level <x>.

You gained a level.

Aloha level <x>.

You lost a level as a Tourist.

Sayonara level <x>.

You lost a level as a Samurai.

Farvel level <x>.

You lost a level as a Valkyrie.

Fare thee well level <x>.

You lost a level as a Knight.

Goodbye level <x>.

You lost a level as any other role.

Monsters

Monsters also have experience levels, but they are largely a function of their maximum hit points. When a monster (usually a pet) kills another monster, it gains a few maximum hit points. Unlike the player, monsters do not gain current hit points when their max HP increases. Some monsters can grow up into more mature monsters by gaining experience levels.

Strategy

Every character must reach level 14 at some point to complete their Quest and retrieve the Bell of Opening, required for the Invocation ritual. In general, levels beyond 14 only provide a real power boost for characters who are heavily into spellcasting. Other characters get more HP and to-hit chance, but alchemy, nurse dancing, Luck, and enchanting your weapon can substitute for these boosts. The minor gains from higher levels should be weighed against the more powerful monsters that a high-level character will face.

Most characters can level up to 10 or 11 fairly easily just by killing monsters. However, since the required experience points double with each level, while the points granted by more difficult monsters rise more slowly, you will most likely have to resort to alternative leveling methods to reach level 14. For example, a level 13 character would need to descend to at least dungeon level 23 to fight a Jabberwock, a rare and very dangerous monster. They would then need to kill 82 Jabberwocks just to reach level 14; most other monsters they would encounter grant far less experience.

The following information pertains to an upcoming version (NetHack 3.7.0). If this version is now released, please verify that it is still accurate, then update the page to incorporate this information.

You can bypass the Quest level requirement by killing your Quest Leader, but this comes with severe penalties. It's only recommended for speed runners or characters who have locked themselves out of the Quest, not for those who simply don't want to level up.

Variants

SLASH'EM

Getting zapped with the drain life spell or a wand of draining drains an experience level. Using draw blood to make a potion of vampire blood also drains a level, but you are put at the minimum experience for the new level; killing a monster won't get the level back.

In SLASH'EM, a character usually gains enough experience to reach XL 30 naturally without farming. This advantage is slightly balanced by the higher experience requirement at low levels; most early characters will be about one level lower than their vanilla counterparts.

UnNetHack

In UnNetHack, Monks receive the message "Punardarsanaya level <x>" when losing a level.

FIQHack

In FIQHack, the EXP formula was replaced and it is generally much easier to gain new levels after level 10.

Level-draining melee attacks are no longer blocked by MC, each successful attack will drain a full level.

While you are level drained, experience gain is boosted significantly. Quaffing a blessed potion of full healing will restore all lost levels, not just half.

EvilHack

In EvilHack, it's still an exponential growth curve like vanilla, but the curve ends sooner (level 17 instead of 22), and the experience needed to progress is much less (320,000 per level instead of 10,000,000 per level). The logic being, the player can reasonably/realistically reach the maximum experience level from killing monsters only, without it being too easy to do so.

External links

• HP and power starting values, level increases, and regeneration in NetHack 3.4.3

This page is based on a spoiler by Dylan O'Donnell. The original license is:

Redistribution, copying, and editing of these spoilers, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

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2. Any modifications to the spoiler must be acknowledged and credited.